Mycoplasmas are bacteria that infect cell culture leading to contamination. Cell culture contamination subsequently affects the laboratory workers along with their research work. Mycoplasma contamination poses huge threat to the academic laboratories as well as the biopharmaceutical production facilities. It can alter the cells to a large extent, thereby, leading to destruction of the research work. On contamination, the morphological changes occurring to the affected cells often become unapparent.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique used to identify certain antigens in tissue sections with labeled antibodies that rely on antigen-antibody interactions. The immunohistochemistry method is used to locate cell or tissue antigens that range from amino acids & proteins to infectious agents & exact cellular populations. IHC is used in clinical diagnosis as a routine diagnostic approach in several clinical activities.
The cell culture protein surface coating is a method in which the cell cultureware surfaces are coated with extracellular matrix components or proteins to improve the adhesion, differentiation, and proliferation of the cells in vitro. Cell culture protein surface coating facilitates the growth of different types of cells including epithelial, endothelial, fibroblasts, myoblasts, leukocytes, muscle cells, and Chinese hamster ovary cell lines.
Molecular weight marker is also known as a DNA ladder, RNA ladder, or protein ladder. There are various types of markers including DNA, RNA, and protein markers with predetermined concentrations and fragment sizes available commercially. These markers are used to monitor the progress of an electrophoretic run and to calculate molecular weights of a DNA, RNA, or protein molecule run on a gel during electrophoresis.
Pyrogen is a thermostable bacterial toxin, produced by various bacteria, viruses, molds, and yeasts. It induces immunogenic response when administered parenterally. It causes fever in a human or animal when administered parenterally. The bacterial pyrogens comprises of endotoxins and exotoxins, though many of them are endogenous to the host.
The cell isolation involves the separation of two or more cells by using different techniques including centrifugation, surface marker, and filtration. Different types of cells such as human differentiated cells, human stem cells, and animal cells can be isolated by this method for various applications. The major applications of cell isolation are biomolecule isolation, stem cell research, cancer research, therapeutics, tissue regeneration, and in vitro diagnostics.
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins that are produced by plasma cells to protect the body from pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. There are two main types of antibodies namely polyclonal and monoclonal; and five classes of antibodies including IgG, IgM, IgD, IgA, and IgE.
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